Diagnostic and therapeutic innovation in central and peripheral nervous system diseases /
Neurophysiopathology

Neurophysiology and psychophysiology of neurological disorders
Research activity has focused on the development of innovative technologies in the areas of non-invasive (tDCS) and invasive (DBS) neuromodulation and therapeutic neurostimulation.
In the area of non-invasive neuromodulation, the research team has developed therapeutic protocols of brain and spinal neuromodulation (tDCS, tsDCS) in neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's dementia, Parkinson's disease), neurological (headache, aphasia, chronic pain, spinal cord injury) and psychiatric (depression) diseases.
In the area of invasive therapeutic neurostimulation (DBS), researchers are developing innovative systems for adaptive stimulation (or closed loop) that allows treatment to be optimized to the patient's needs and clinical status. The quality of such neurotechnological research work is evidenced not only by international publications, but also by obtaining a U.S. patent and founding Newronika, a spin-off company of Policlinico Hospital and the University of Milan.
In addition, advanced deep brain activity analysis methods have been developed for the study of pathophysiological alterations present in Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders. Thanks to the multidisciplinary approach that characterizes the research team, patients undergo longitudinal monitoring at the neurophysiological, neurological, and neuropsychological.

Epilepsy and neuroperipheral disorders in pediatric age
The research activity of the Neurophysiopathology team dealing with neonate and child in Clinica Mangiagalli is mainly dedicated to the diagnosis, therapy, and personalized and precision medicine approaches of epilepsy based on electroclinical and genetic characterization. 
The Pediatric Neurophysiopathology team has been an active participant in a national inter-society scientific study group on neonatal seizures for many years and has been instrumental in the definition and publication of guidelines for EEG and aEEG assessment and monitoring of the critically ill newborn and contributes to the international debate on seizure characterization, etiology, and improved care in this field.
The neurophysiopathology team is also engaged in collecting information through a dedicated database for clinical and instrumental characterization of both pediatric and adult epilepsies, which connects to a program on the genetics of epilepsy.
Other research efforts in the field of pediatric neurology are devoted to the electrophysiological study of children with various rare neuroperipheral disorders using neurophysiological methods such as electroneuromyography and evoked potentials.